Poland’s energy security will be built over the coming two decades on two pillars rising side by side: the nuclear power programme and offshore wind farms in the Baltic. Both are investments on a scale the Polish economy has not carried out since the times of the Central Industrial District, and both share the same critical constraints.
The schedule is the first of them. The nuclear programme and offshore wind compete for the same resources: installation ports, specialist vessels, grid connections and, above all, people. The panel asks how realistic the announced timetables are, where the two programmes collide and where they can reinforce each other.
The supply chain is the second constraint. The share of Polish companies in both programmes will be decided now, at the stage of contracts and qualifications, not at the ribbon-cutting stage. We ask what certificates, references and capital Polish suppliers need to enter chains dominated by global players — and who should help them do it.
The third constraint is security in the literal sense: protection of construction sites, ports, cables and future facilities against sabotage, drones and cyberattacks. Energy infrastructure in the Baltic has already become a target of hostile activity, and the protection systems must be designed together with the investments, not added on afterwards.